The consumption of chlorinated isocyanurates accounts for more than 90% of the active chlorine-based disinfectants market. These compounds are mainly used in swimming pool disinfection, industrial water treatment, automatic dishwashing, bleaching agents, household disinfectants, and industrial cleaning. Trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) is one of the most important products in the chlorinated isocyanurate category. It is a highly effective chlorine-based compound with excellent stability, high available chlorine content, long-lasting chlorine release, ease of use, and non-toxic safety, making it a key focus for research and development globally.

TCCA is a white crystalline powder or granular solid with a strong chlorine odor. Its available chlorine content exceeds 85%, and it has a water solubility of 1.2%. TCCA is prone to decomposition when exposed to acids or bases. Its chemical name is Trichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 (1H-2H-3H)-trione, with a molecular formula of C3N3O3Cl3. The pure substance appears as a white powder, slightly soluble in water with a solubility of 1.2g at 25°C and highly soluble in organic solvents, with a solubility of 36g in acetone at 30°C. The theoretical available chlorine content of TCCA is 91%, with industrial products containing no less than 85% available chlorine.

In water, TCCA decomposes to form hypochlorous acid and cyanic acid. Hypochlorous acid is 80 times more effective as a disinfectant than hypochlorite ions. The presence of cyanic acid stabilizes hypochlorous acid, allowing it to persist in water for longer periods. This property makes TCCA more effective and durable than other traditional chlorine-based disinfectants